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TABLE OF CONTENT

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

1. Background of the study
2. Statement of the problem
3. Objective of the study
4. Research Questions
5. Research Hypothesis
6. Significance of the study
7. Scope and Limitations of the study
8. Definition of Terms

CHAPTER TWO

1. Literature Review
2. Development of Accounting in post primary institution
3. Source of funds in post primary institution
4. Technique involved in collecting the funds/depositing
5. Management Compliance to the collection of the funds
6. Accounting for Revenue in tutorial system
7. Proper and efficient Documentation of all monies collected.

 

CHAPTER THREE

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

1. Research Design
2. Area of the study
3. Population of the study
4. Sampling procedures
5. Instruments for Data Collection
6. Validity f the instruments
7. Reliability of the instrument
8. Methods of Administration f the Instruments
9. Methods of Data analysis

 

CHAPTER FOUR

DATA PRESENTATION

1. Testing of hypothesis
2. Analysis and interpretation

 

CHPTER FIVE

1. Discussion implementation and Recommendation
2. Discussion of Result
3. Recommendation
4. Conclusion

Bibliography/References

 

 

 

                                      CHAPTER ONE

 

1. INTRODUCTION

1,1              BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

          Accounting procedure in post primary Institutions of Enugu State forms one of the functions of Enugu State post Primary management Board established in 1972. Post primary institutions operate under the post primary school management board (P.P.SMB) in six educational zonal levels each headed by a chief supervising principal (CSP).  The headquarter is situated along Abakiliki Road Enugu, near the old government ledge and is headed by a chairman with other supporting five Board members representing each of the Zones. The Board has a permanent secretary as the administrative head of service ad a director I charge of finance and supplies. All the polices used for administration of post-primary institutions are formulated and are adopted at the headquarters while the state ministry of Education overseas all bout Educational matters in the state, including primary school which has (State Primary Education Board) private Approved vocational/commercial secondary schools, and private primary and nursery schools.

          However, this study centres on post-primary institutions in Udenu Local Government Education Zone.  In this regard, the entire secondary schools operate uniform accounting system as established by the post primary institutions Board within Udenu LGA educational zone are no exception.

          The need and desire for accountability cannot be over emphasized in any school (or such other public/private sector organizations) in particular and other day to day activities of human endeavours in general.  Government departments and parastatals, private firms, charitable organisation, political parties, social clubs and educational institutions needed trained Accountants for proper accountability otherwise they would remain perpetually ignorant of financial positions of their business operations and would eventually discover much tot heir greatest dismay that their activities has collapsed un-noticed.

          The state post primary schools management board operates and manages the affairs of post primary institutions through six designated administrative area offices with in the state.  These areas otherwise referred to as zone include, Enugu North, Agwu, Nkam, Nsukkam Obolo Afor, and udi zones, in each zone are located an internal Audit and fiancé and supplies unit headed by zonal Auditor and zonal bursar respectively.  Each of the six zonal office has an administrate head called the chief supervisor principal (C.S.P) as stated earlier, the state post primary schools management Board is headed by a chairman, who is the chief Accounting officer and a permanent secretary as the administrative head of services.  The chairman is assisted by five other board members, all of them representing each zone including the director of finance and supplies in charge of revenue generation and accounting to the board. 

          In post primary institutions as contained in the hand book on schools administration, section 7, the principals of schools are the revenue collector, but the bursars do the practical work of collecting revenue and disbursement as directed and approved by the principals and except I schools where there is no bursar, the principal does the revenue collections himself.  While these duties are performed, there are some problem prevalent I the system which include.

(a)     Problems from organizations -          management

(b)     Problems form organizations -          Personnel

(c)      Problems form Bursars,      -   Personnel.

(d)     Problems from Bursars     -    Personnel

          They problems are examined in this study with a view to finding suggestive solutions to eradicate them and enhance revenue collections.

1. STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEMS

The study is designed to evaluate and assess the accounting procedure in post primary institution notability in Udenu Local Government area.  Is the procedure in use efficient, secondly, does the system suit the current trend of events.

There was glaring evidence of poor accounting post. Primary institution, some of such flows as could be observed in the old order was non-uniformly in the accounting system of schools given rise to poorness in its own receipt booklets was not even controlled within the school level notably there was poor internal central measures.

 In the present day school accounting, the other has changed. There is new uniform accounting system I Udenu local government area in particular end the entire system in general. The internal audit unit has also designed a uniformed revenue by weekly and monthly return format.  In other words, internal control measures have reasonably improved. There is a central supply of revenue cash receipts booklets form ministry of finance to headquarters - office of the directors. Finance and supplies form which schools collect numbers of receipt booklets, make returns of used and unused ones before collection of new stocks of the cash revenue receipts.

There is also in place the central pay rolling system, and most recently, they have introduced computer system aimed at computerizing the entire system of the boards accounting, administration ad management.’

However, there are still problems in schools accounting systems.

There are reported cases of fraud, forgery of purchases invoices and other records like bank tellers manipulation of tuition/Equipment and other fees, issued receipts for government and its organs shares of fees payment made However, there are observable limitations on the effectiveness of the internal control measures.

Thirdly, there are problems of poor non-rendition of revenue. A circular (Ref ENS/SEC/FSD/904/VI/430 of 14the duration commission, headquarters to all principals, all zonal Bursars, all zonal internal auditors, Head of pay, all section on the effect of low revenue Returns stated;  they,  “the post primary schools management board Enugu is seriously disturbed by the low revenue returns form post primary schools in the state.

Spot checks in schools by the internal audit disclose that low revenue returns are caused by the following;

1. The failure of principals to send debtor students home after the authorized two weeks period f grace after each resumption date.
2. The failure of the principals to enforce the lodgment of all revenue collected on behalf of the government into appropriate government designated bank accounts. 
3. The collection of monthly salaries by principals and bursary with out obtaining usual clearance form the zonal international auditors having met the met the stipulated monthly revenue targets.
4. Consequently, all the head of salary pay point are directed to black list form monthly payment of staff salaries, any school whose principal and bursar failed to submit usual clearance certificate form the zonal internal auditors and the revenue officer.
5. There are some elements of non-compliance with existing financial guidelines.  In a circular (Re: PPSMB/NSK/AU/17/vol.1/136 of 1st march 1991 on Audit inspection of schools books of account/revenue returns form internal audit unit, post primary school management board Nsukka zone, to all principals/Bursars the zonal internal Auditors stated interracial. “ our experience form schools already visited for audit exercise showed that some schools do not keep records and custody of there book of account.  In view of these lapses in schools, henceforth, schools are expected to keep the under listed books/documents, and where they already exist should be properly safeguarded.  Principals and bursars should not treat the books of account or documents that do not belong to their period with indifference.  Principals and bursars therefore must be ready to present both the administrative/financial records to our audit terms for inspection even when there are not for routine audit of schools.  Continuing, the circular emanated the records as follows:

1.       Class registers.

2.       Receipt book issued –note.

3.       Bank statements.

4.       Cash book

5.       Daily collection registers

6.       Cash analysis

7.       Expenditure files

8.       Hand over note file

9.       P.T.A. minute book

10.     Bank passbook

11.     Report books.

          The circular observed that it may not be possible to exchange the individual’s problems of the principals and bursary with regards to the keeping of good accounting and other records.

          On revenue returns, the circular stated interelia: with effect from 1st term 1991, bursar in Nsukka zone are required to observe the under listed procedure with respect revenue returns to internal audit unit, post primary school management board Nsukka zone.

1. The revenue returns on tweeting and equipment fees (Government shares) must be rendered to the internal audit unit, Nsukka zone on monthly basis.
2. At the end of the verification exercise, clearance papers dually signed by the zonal internal Auditor, Nsukka zone, are issued to the schools whose returns are in order with these clearance papers the principals/bursars will submit their salary vouchers to the zonal bursar for the subsequent months and as it is now will use the clearance paper to collect their schools salary payment vouchers and staff pay slips.

 

1. OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY

1. This is aimed at evaluating the accounting procedure, in post primary institutions in Udenu local Government Area.
2. Another objective is to investigate the system to know whether tit is appropriate.
3. To ascertain the extend to which the established accounting system in achieving revenue collection and accounting of objectives.
4. To determine the extent to which schools follows the established accounting system ad to ascertain the coop holes in the accounting systems in the establishment.  (If any)
5. To make recommendations

 

 

1. ASSYNOTUIBSM RESEARCH QUESTIONS AND HYPOTHESIS

1. Do you keep proper books of accounts?
2. How often does the audit team visit your schools for spot checks
3. Do you think the accounting system in your school work effectively?
4. Do you lodge into the bank all money collected with in 48 hours of such collections?
5. Do you think management set aside internal control system?

 

1. HYPOTHESIS FORMULATION

Ho:    There is a significant problem in the accounting procedure in post-primary institutions and the accounting systems are not effectively supervised.

H1:    There is no significant problem in the accounting procedure on post primary institutions and the accounting systems operate effectively.

1. SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

The study will be interest to the general public, policy maker’s professionals and other educationist. It will identify the accounting lapses associated with post primary institutions and propose suggestive measures and proper accounting records and standard.

 

1.7 SCOPE AND LIMITATIONS

This work reviews the accounting system, procedure and methods as is